Tag: DNA

In some children with acute myeloid leukemia, cancer cells have as many DNA changes as healthy blood stem cells. Researchers were surprised to find these children have a poorer chance of survival compared with children whose leukemia has an above-average number of DNA changes. Their new study offers insight into how this form of blood

Chemical and biomolecular engineer Xue Sherry Gao of Rice University's Brown School of Engineering has won National Institutes of Health support for a new strategy to fight cystic fibrosis. The agency awarded Gao a four-year R01 grant of more than $2 million to adapt tools developed by her lab that increase the accuracy of CRISPR/Cas9-based

Teeth from mammoths buried in the Siberian permafrost for more than a million years have yielded the world’s oldest DNA ever sequenced, according to a study published on Wednesday, shining the genetic searchlight into the deep past. Researchers said the three specimens, one roughly 800,000 years old and two over a million years old, provide

The isolation of DNA was successfully carried out in 1869. However, its sequencing had to wait until the Human Genome Project was completed in 2003, more than a hundred years later. vitstudio | Shutterstock Modern genomics dates back to the 1970s, but its foundation was laid at least twenty years before this, with the creation

Gene expression can be regulated by various cellular processes with the aim to control the amount and nature of the expressed genes. This article aims to describe the regulatory mechanisms that control gene expression in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. BitCyte | Shutterstock Gene expression is controlled with the help of regulatory proteins at numerous levels.

A new genetic risk factor for Motor Neurone Disease (MND), which if treated could halt or prevent the degenerative condition, has been identified in so-called ‘junk DNA’ by scientists at the University of Sheffield. The newly discovered genetic changes are present in up to one percent of MND patients. The pioneering research, published in the

A new study led by UC Davis MIND Institute researchers found a distinct DNA methylation signature in the cord blood of newborns who were eventually diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This signature mark spanned DNA regions and genes linked to early fetal neurodevelopment. The findings may hold clues for early diagnosis and intervention. “We

The development of the mammalian placenta depends upon an unusual twist that separates DNA’s classic double helix into a single-stranded form, Yale researchers report July 15 in the journal Nature. The Yale team also identified the molecular regulator that acts upon this single strand to accelerate or stop placental development, a discovery with implications not

To gain an infinite lifespan, cancer cells need to maintain the ends of their chromosomes, known as telomeres. They achieve this in various ways. Scientists from the German Cancer Research Center systematically investigated more than 2,500 tumor genomes of 36 types of cancer to find out how these mechanisms are manifest in changes in the

Each cell in the human body holds a full two meters of DNA. In order for that DNA to fit into the cell nucleus—a cozy space just one hundredth of a millimeter of space—it needs to be packed extremely tight. A new Northwestern University study has discovered that the packing of the three-dimensional genome structure,

Why female fertility declines with age: Scientists blame the decay of a protein that acts like a ‘rubber-band’ inside eggs Decay of a protein called cohesin weakens vital structures of chromosomes This is believed to cause an abnormal amount of chromosomes in older eggs Too many or too few chromosomes may lead to failure of the

Would you ask DNA detectives to predict if your child might get cancer? Thousands of families now use gene tests to see what the future holds DNA home-test industry is expected to be worth £17 billion worldwide by 2024 It’s predicted that soon more than 100 million people will have sent off a sample Here,

Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have developed a simple new blood test that can detect the presence of seven different types of cancer by spotting unique patterns in the fragmentation of DNA shed from cancer cells and circulating in the bloodstream. In a proof-of-concept study, the test, called DELFI (DNA evaluation of

ATLANTA — Cancer is over one hundred different diseases hiding under one name. That's why, just as there isn't one universal way to treat cancer, there also isn't one universal way to detect it. But that doesn't mean scientists aren't trying: If researchers can find a unique signature or "biomarker" of cancer — meaning a

A new method of determining the sequence of molecules in DNA can be used to detect small fragments of cancerous genetic material in blood samples from lung cancer patients with a high degree of accuracy, according to new research published in the leading cancer journal Annals of Oncology today. Results from analyses of so-called “liquid

Over the years, researchers have identified genetic risk factors for a range of conditions. As genetic testing has become quicker, more cost-effective, and increasingly accurate, DNA tests have become relatively common. Each year, millions of people access information about their genetic risk of developing conditions such as Alzheimer’s. Some estimate that in 2017 alone, 1

Melbourne scientists have discovered how tumour development is driven by mutations in the most important gene in preventing cancer, p53. The research revealed that in the early stages of cancer, mutant p53 ‘tackles’ the normal p53 protein and blocks it from carrying out its protective role. As a result, p53 can no longer activate natural

The Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP), the premier global molecular diagnostics professional society, today published consensus, evidence-based recommendations to aid clinical laboratory professionals with the management of most Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms (CMNs) and development of high-throughput pan-myeloid sequencing testing panels. The report, “Clinical Significance of DNA Variants in Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms (CMNs): A Report of

In addition to revealing information about a patient’s condition, pneumococcal DNA also appears to provide information about the course of an infection. In the next issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc researchers describe several pneumococcal genes predicting whether a patient runs the risk of developing meningitis or dying from the disease. Use of such genetic

A critical link in mapping recurrent mutations of melanoma—the most serious form of skin cancer in humans—has been discovered by researchers at Washington State University School of Molecular Biosciences, in collaboration with researchers at Georgia State University. In a paper published July 6 in Nature Communications, researchers established that DNA binding by a specific set