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Routine oxygen therapy is not recommended for hospital patients because the benefit is uncertain and there are clear harms, say a panel of international experts in The BMJ today. Their advice is based on new evidence that too much oxygen increases risk of death and is part of The BMJ‘s ‘Rapid Recommendations’ initiative—to produce rapid

An enzyme activated in diabetics has been found to cause previously aligned cells in a blood vessel to reverse their orientation, creating misalignments that allow veins and arteries to leak three times more blood proteins than normally constructed blood vessels. Controlling the enzyme could ease symptoms of swelling, nerve pain, localized low blood pressure, and

(HealthDay)—A diagnostic strategy based on pretest clinical probability assessment, high-sensitivity D-dimer testing, bilateral lower-limb compression ultrasonography (CUS), and computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) can safely rule out pulmonary embolism (PE) in pregnant women, according to a study published online Oct. 23 in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Marc Righini, M.D., from Geneva University Hospitals, and

LSTM’s Dr. Jennifer Lord is first author on a paper looking at the impact of climate change on the vectors of sleeping sickness in Africa. The study, published in PLOS Medicine, is based on 27 years of data from Mana Pools National Park in Zimbabwe. The mathematical model developed by Dr. Lord and co-authors suggests

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease that is usually treated with intranasal medication and nasal saline lavage. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is considered when CRS is difficult to treat. The surgery aims to restore ventilation of paranasal sinuses and reduce inflammation. A new research published in BMJ Open studied the frequency of endoscopic sinus

Scientists reveal the mechanism which allows a commonly prescribed drug for type 2 diabetes to prevent heart disease in patients with type 1 diabetes–and could lead to new treatments. Metformin is an inexpensive treatment that is often used for type 2 diabetes to lower blood sugar levels by reducing glucose production in the liver. The

The sun serves many functions. It helps dictate the seasons and brings life to insects, plants, flowers and trees and vitamin D — a vitamin that is produced when the human body is exposed to sunlight — has copious health benefits, from lowering one’s blood pressure to elevating their mood. But a new study published

A Duke University research team has found a way to help sporting officials detect whether an athlete’s blood has been doped by an infusion of their own stored blood. While tests have been developed to detect two of the three most common methods of dramatically boosting the oxygen-carrying capacity of a competitor’s blood, so-called “autologous”

New research conducted for the current independent inquiry suggests that – despite recent policy improvements – cultures of child abuse are liable to emerge while youth custody exists, and keeping children in secure institutions should be limited as far as possible. A new report on the history of safeguarding children detained for criminal offences in

People often say that they never forget a face, but for some people, this claim might actually be true. So-called super recognisers are said to possess exceptional face recognition abilities, often remembering the faces of those they have only briefly encountered or haven’t seen for many years. Their unique skills have even caught the attention

(HealthDay)—Cancer treatment is associated with a clinically meaningful survival benefit in older, medically complex patients with superficial bladder cancer (SBC), according to a study published online Oct. 5 in Cancer. Tullika Garg, M.D., M.P.H., from Geisinger in Danville, Pa., and colleagues evaluated the association between treatment of SBC and 10-year mortality in 1,800 medically complex

According to some media outlets, individuals who are successful in corporations are highly likely to have psychopathic traits. Specifically, they are thought to assert dominance over others, act impulsively, and lack empathy. In reality, studies that have looked into the relationship between psychopathy and success have reached less firm conclusions. There is no consensus of

(HealthDay)—From 2006 to 2015, there was a significant decrease in intensive care unit (ICU) admissions among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, according to a research letter published online Oct. 15 in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Gary E. Weissman, M.D., from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, and colleagues used data from the Medicare Provider Analysis and

Dixon Chibanda spent more time with Erica than most of his other patients. It wasn’t that her problems were more serious than others’ – she was just one of thousands of women in their mid-20s with depression in Zimbabwe. It was because she had travelled over 160 miles to meet him. Erica lived in a

MONDAY, Oct. 15, 2018 — Among patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have not previously received an ALK inhibitor, progression-free survival is significantly longer in those who receive treatment with brigatinib versus crizotinib, according to a study published online Sept. 25 in the New England Journal of Medicine. D.

For the first time ever, Mount Sinai researchers have identified a protein as a marker that can indicate whether a cancer patient will develop a reoccurrence of lethal, metastatic cancer, according to a clinical study published in Breast Cancer Research in October. The researchers found that when cells from a breast cancer patient’s original tumor

The brain allows organisms to learn and adapt to their surroundings. It does this by literally changing the connections, or synapses, between neurons, strengthening meaningful patterns of neural activity in order to store information. The existence of this process—brain plasticity—has been known for some time. But actually, there are two different types of brain plasticity

(HealthDay)—For patients with early-stage septic shock and severe acute kidney injury, 90-day mortality does not differ for patients randomly assigned to an early strategy for initiation of renal-replacement therapy versus a delayed strategy, according to a study published in the Oct. 11 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine. Saber D. Barbar, M.D., Ph.D.,

For adults over age 65, surgical complications can dampen not only their physical health but also their mental sharpness, with more than half of high-risk cases declining into delirium. In research published this week in the journal Brain Stimulation, Duke University scientists show in a mouse model that a current treatment for seizures can also

A positive sense of mental well-being is related to better brain health among older adults, according to a new report issued today by the Global Council on Brain Health (GCBH) and involving University of Exeter research. Studies shows our sense of mental well-being tends to increase after middle age and there are steps we can