Side effects of radiation for breast cancer: What to know
A doctor may recommend radiation therapy in combination with other treatments, such as surgery and chemotherapy.
There are two main types of radiation treatment:
- External beam radiation: This involves a doctor applying radiation from an external machine to the breast and surrounding tissue.
- Internal radiation (brachytherapy): This involves placing a small radioactive pellet into the body for a short period.
The right treatment for breast cancer depends on many factors, including a person’s age and overall health. A doctor will help a person decide on the best option for them.
Read on for more information about the short-term, long-term, and rare side effects of radiation for breast cancer.
Short-term side effects
Short-term side effects occur during the treatment or directly afterward, usually within 6 months.
Common short-term side effects include:
- Pain: Some people experience mild discomfort or pain around the breast, or stiffness in the shoulder area. Over time, treatments should become less uncomfortable.
- Skin changes: Skin damage is a common side effect of radiation therapy, and having a good skin care routine is essential during treatment. Changes to the skin can include:
- color changes
- peeling or flaking
- skin that feels tender, dry, itchy or sore
- blisters
- excess moisture and weeping
- meditation
- eating a nutritious diet that includes lean protein and plenty of vegetables
- doing light exercise every day, even if it is a short walk
- getting regular massages
- yoga
- reducing commitments
- keeping a mood and symptoms diary
- joining a support group
- seeing a therapist
The benefits of having radiation therapy for breast cancer outweigh the risks. However, the side effects can be uncomfortable.
Asking friends and family to help with everyday activities during treatment can help a person accommodate some common side effects, such as fatigue.
Using heating pads and ice packs may help a person cope with pain and soreness following radiation therapy.
Wearing loose clothing and applying an unscented moisturizer can help reduce discomfort caused by skin changes.
To reduce stress and fight fatigue, a person can also try:
It is crucial to report any side effects to a doctor or nurse, especially if a person is experiencing them for the first time.
Outlook
Radiation therapy can be a very effective treatment for breast cancer. A person should expect some side effects, but most will be mild and resolve over time.
It is essential to communicate any side effects to the medical team, to ensure that a person is not experiencing a symptom of something more serious.
If side effects are impacting a person’s quality of life, they should speak to a doctor, who may be able to recommend ways to reduce discomfort.
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