Tag: cell

Researchers in the United States who tracked the evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in an immunocompromised patient found that convalescent plasma therapy was associated with the emergence of viral variants that were less susceptible to neutralizing antibodies. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the agent responsible for the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that

With new variants emerging, often showing increased transmissibility and virulence, governments and health organizations do not appear to be within striking distance of effectively containing the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), this condition presents with a wide spectrum of severity, ranging from asymptomatic infection

The lung is a complex organ whose main function is to exchange gases. It is the largest organ in the human body and plays a key role in the oxygenation of all the organs. Due to its structure, cellular composition and dynamic microenvironment, is difficult to mimic in vitro. A specialized laboratory of the ARTORG

Anemia is due to lack of haemoglobin in the blood which is below the normal level or due to less than normal levels of red blood cells in blood. The haemoglobin helps carry oxygen in blood. Lack of haemoglobin thus causes deficiency of life giving oxygen to vital organs. (1-4) Types of anemia There are

The Coulter Principle is the reference method for studying particle size and dynamics, which is based on measurable variations in electrical impedance that is produced by non-conductive particles in an electrolyte solution. Today it is also used as limit test for particulate matter in parenteral solutions of large volumes. Since Coulter patented a method to

Swollen or affected lymph nodes may sometimes need to be removed for examination. This is called lymph node biopsy. Lymph node biopsy A biopsy involves removal of whole or part of the lymph node to look under the microscope for signs of infection, or cancer. Lymph nodes are filters located at intervals between the lymph

Visualizing Structures within Tissue To see structure within biological tissue such as organs, it is necessary to first label the tissue. Antibodies are frequently used for this purpose, and this is known as “immunolabelling”. iDISCO: Adult mouse kidney, screen capture via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCdSCMlNafk Antibodies are specific to certain “markers”, or antigens, and immunolabelling is used for

The need to avoid immunosuppression is often the driving force behind research into alternative therapeutic options for the treatment of a range of diseases. Image Credit: Jose Luis Calvo/Shutterstock.com One such disease is type I diabetes, which develops as a result of immune cell-mediated destruction of the pancreatic B cells. Encapsulation and tolerance induction are

SORLA is a protein trafficking receptor that has been mainly studied in neurons, but it also plays a role in cancer cells. Professor Johanna Ivaska's research group at Turku Bioscience observed that SORLA functionally contributes to the most reported therapy-resistant mechanism by which the cell-surface receptor HER3 counteracts HER2 targeting therapy in HER2-positive cancers. Removing

The human brain has about as many neurons as glial cells. These are divided into four major groups: the microglia, the astrocytes, the NG2 glial cells, and the oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes function primarily as a type of cellular insulating tape: They form long tendrils, which consist largely of fat-like substances and do not conduct electricity. These

Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that a protein called NF-kappa B-inducing kinase (NIK) is essential for the shift in metabolic activity that occurs with T cell activation, making it a critical factor in regulating the anti-tumor immune response. The preclinical research, published today in Nature Immunology, suggests that

Menarini Silicon Biosystems has announced the publication of a research study providing support for the reliability of using circulating tumor cell (CTC) count to guide frontline therapy choice for patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), HER2-negative (HER2) metastatic breast cancer. Published in the November issue of JAMA Oncology, this is the first study to support clinical

Signals from two key proteins are essential for the survival of our ‘immunological memory’, according to new research from scientists at the Francis Crick Institute, published in the Journal of Experimental Medicine. Memory B cells are long-lived cells that confer immunological memory by providing rapid and robust antibody responses to infections our body has seen

In breakthrough colon cancer research, scientists at ChristianaCare’s Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute have discovered a link between two key signaling pathways crucial to the development and growth of colon cancer. The study is published today in the journal PLOS ONE. The scientists identified the link between the retinoic acid or RA

Dozens of molecules may tangle up with rogue bundles of tau, a protein that normally gives nerve fibers structure, to cause brain cell damage that contributes to neurodegenerative diseases, a new study shows. Neuroscientists have previously found that tau can become toxic when extra chemical molecules accumulate with its structure in the brain, causing it

Cannabis appears to be a safe and potentially effective treatment for the chronic pain that afflicts people with sickle cell disease, according to a new clinical trial co-led by University of California, Irvine researcher Kalpna Gupta and Dr. Donald Abrams of UC San Francisco. The findings appear in JAMA Network Open. “These trial results show

A group of researchers at Osaka University revealed that endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM), a surface marker for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and vascular endothelial cells (ECs), played an important role in the ontogeny of hematopoiesis in mice, particularly in the development of adult-type erythropoiesis. Their research results were published in Stem Cell Reports. In

In today’s current era of precision medicine against cancer, research is successfully potentiating and personalizing immunotherapy to unleash the power of the immune system in a greater number of patients to attack disease. Despite such progress, much work is required to better predict those patients who would be most likely benefit from them, and extend

USC researchers have successfully grown human, testosterone-producing cells in the lab, paving the way to someday treat low testosterone with personalized replacement cells. In today’s Proceedings from the National Academy of Sciences, scientists describe how they transformed stem cells into functioning Leydig cells—the cells in the testes that produce the male sex hormone. “Our study

A clinical trial testing the toxicity of a KRAS inhibitor demonstrated early promising antitumor activity and few adverse side effects in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer harboring KRAS G12C mutation, according to research presented today at the IASLC 2019 World Conference on Lung Cancer, hosted by the International Association for the Study of